Sheridan County is located in the extreme northeast corner of Montana, bordering North Dakota on the east, and Canada on the north. Sheridan County is a gently rolling landscape typical of the Great Plains. It lies at an elevation of approximately 2000 feet. Its main river is the Big Muddy which empties into the Missouri. The county's 1720 square miles is trisected by Highways 5 & 16, with Highway 16 entering Canada through one of the only two 24-hour ports of entries in the state. Current population of Sheridan County is 3,800 residents. The county seat is Plentywood, with a population of 1,800. The county has three major communities with schools. These include Medicine Lake, Plentywood and Westby. Sheridan County is home to the Medicine Lake National Wildlife Refuge which directs its management toward breeding of migratory birds and other wildlife.

Sheridan County is a rural agricultural community whose top industry centers on the family farm and ranch. Wheat and cattle are the major agricultural products, with Sheridan County leading the state in durum wheat production.
Sheridan County farmers annually produce between five and seven percent of the nation's durum wheat, which is used to make pasta. Pulse crops (peas &
lentils) and oilseeds are also major crops produced in the area. The County is served by two railroads, the Burlington Northern-Sante Fe and the Dakota Missouri Valley Western Railroad. Both are branch lines, primarily for grain shipment. Sheridan County also has significant oil production and development. Sheridan County has excellent health care facilities, retirement facilities and is the location of a center for developmentally disabled adults. The 4-H program has 75 youth enrolled, ages 6 to 19, in three clubs throughout the county, and there are also 25 volunteer adults who help with the program.